Plan cost management is a system for handling the costs of a project throughout its lifecycle. With the help of a cost management plan, standard procedures, policies, and documents can be put in place. This makes planning, managing, and controlling project costs more efficient. In addition to a standard process, plan cost management identifies an […]
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Which are the best mobile applications useful to civil engineers for doing construction calculations and measurements?
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What is the difference between segregation and honeycomb in concrete?
The post What is the difference between Segregation and Honeycomb in Concrete? appeared first on The Constructor.
How to determine the Total dissolved solids (TDS) and Total suspended solids in the water? Kindly explain it?
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What is the procedure to design the double angle tension member in steel structures with formulas? Kindly elaborate on it?
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Which are the different types of welding processes in steel structures and which one is the most common and affordable?
The post Which are the different Types of Welding Process? appeared first on The Constructor.
What is Glass bead Flooring? Why it is advised to be used in the food industries?
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The main objectives of controlled blasting techniques are to minimize the overbreak and fracturing of rock beyond the designated boundary of excavation to achieve smooth post-blast surface and to control wild flyrock and ground vibration within permissible limits. This objective is normally achieved by minimizing and making judicious use of explosives in the blast holes. […]
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As we know, every design of a building or a structure has a life span known as design life. When this design life (80-100 years) of the building is completed, the structure is not safe for living and neighboring buildings. The building or structure needs to be demolished in order to reuse the space. The […]
The post What are the Safety Protocols for the Demolition of a Structure? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
The construction materials shall be stored, stacked, and handled in such a manner so as to prevent deterioration, and intrusion of foreign matter and to ensure the preservation of their quality and fitness for the work. The materials shall be segregated as per their type, size, and length, and placed in neat, orderly piles that are […]
The post How to Store, Stack, and Handle Construction Materials? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
What is the major factor affecting concrete life, durability & strength?
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Suction excavation is the process of excavating soil or debris at a construction site by using vacuum pressure. A high-pressure water or air, breaks the soil and debris apart, which is then easily removed out by the vacuum. The suction excavator generates the sucking pressure. Suction excavation is considered one of the top excavation procedures […]
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Explain the step by step process for concrete mix design?
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Which are the methods or reference codes for the casting of precast piers for metro construction particularly?
The post Which are the Methods or Reference codes for the casting of Precast Piers for Metro Construction particularly? appeared first on The Constructor.
what is the importance of expansion joints on concrete bridge decks?
The post What is the Importance of Expansion Joints on Concrete Bridge Decks? appeared first on The Constructor.
What are the different types of door locks?
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The coronavirus pandemic has created turmoil in the construction sector. Once back on track after the lockdown, the government will have to take some concrete steps to support the industry and economy. Landing back to the normal and full recovery from this downfall is likely to be slow for the construction sector. Recovery in employment […]
The post How will COVID-19 affect the Construction Sector? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
What is the difference between gray water and black water in sewage? How can we differentiate between them in a sewer?
The post What is the difference between Gray Water and Black Water in Sewers? appeared first on The Constructor.
Explain the procedure for the determination of setting time of concrete? What is the importance of this test ?
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What is the difference between Self Levelling Concrete and Self Compacting Concrete?
The post What is the difference between Self Levelling Concrete and Self Compacting Concrete? appeared first on The Constructor.
A Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a non-destructive technique used for investigating the characteristics of the subsurface. It is a real-time NDT instrument that employs high-frequency radio waves to study the underground surface. This technique provides high-resolution data within a short period. GPR employs electromagnetic waves to image the subsurface. GPR is a geophysical survey method […]
The post How does a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Work? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
What is the difference between Safe Bearing Capacity and Gross Bearing Capacity?
The post Difference between Gross Bearing Capacity and Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil? appeared first on The Constructor.
What is the difference between screed concrete and brickbat coba waterproofing? Which is the best of both?
The post What is the Difference between Screed Concrete and Brick Bat Coba Waterproofing? appeared first on The Constructor.
What are the physical tests to be conducted for fly ash at the site?
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Steel is one of the popular construction materials next to concrete in the construction industry. The high strength and ductility are the primary properties of steel that make its place in almost all the famous skyscrapers around the world. Steel structures are developed by individual steel members, welded or bolted together to get a final […]
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The electric arc welding process uses an electric arc to generate heat to melt the parent material and the filler material (electrode) to form a molten weld pool in the joint. The electric arc welding method is preferred over other methods due to its affordability. The most commonly used fastening methods for joining steel members […]
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Lime concrete is a composite mixture of lime as binding material, sand as fine aggregate, and gravel as coarse aggregate in appropriate proportions. Lime concrete mix ratio depends on the type of construction, but in general, it can be taken up to a 1:2:3 ratio for lime, sand, and coarse aggregate, respectively. Lime concrete had […]
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High-early-strength concrete can be developed using ordinary concrete constituents, special admixtures, and certain concreting practices. The high-early-strength concrete, which is also called fast track concrete, gains its specified strength at an early age compared to ordinary concrete. The time during which the concrete should achieve the specified strength ranges from a few hours to several […]
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The reduction of waste and loss of construction material begins by specifying a budget to buy equipment needed to manage materials properly at a construction site. The necessary equipment may involve tools to cover and protect fragile materials, strong standing areas for material storage area and site access, pallets to store formworks, scaffold fittings, drainage […]
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Collapsible soil can prove to be problematic for structures due to its large settlement potential. It has a great capacity to withstand pressure with a small settlement but undergoes large, sudden, and sizable volume reduction as it gets wet. Engineers should, therefore, find a suitable solution to tackle the problems associated with the collapsible soil. […]
The post How to Deal with Collapsible Soil Before Construction? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
In the era of this economic slowdown, unemployment, and national lockdown, when the whole world is continually working day and night for saving their citizens from the wrath of pandemic COVID-19, we, civil engineers and contractors, do have some pertinent questions running in our minds, i.e. how will be the construction industry post-covid-19. How will […]
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Concrete mix design for underwater concreting requires the selection of suitable materials and proportioning to produce concrete to meet the requirements of a specified application. Which mainly concentrates on the properties of workability/flow, compressive strength, and durability. Characteristic/Target Strength Relationships Detailed physical observation is difficult for concrete placed underwater. Thus, while UWC specimens cast in […]
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Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) is a popular non-destructive testing (NDT) method. MPI helps to detect surface and subsurface faults and discontinuities in ferromagnetic metals and their alloys such as nickel, iron and cobalt. Industries such as steel, automobile, petrochemicals, power, and aerospace often use MPI to determine a component’s fitness-for-use. A variety of castings, welding […]
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The corona-driven pause is going to bring a difference in the way the industries function. The construction industry, too, won’t be aloof from the impact. What we are going to witness now is a paradigm shift. Construction sites sure will reopen, but the construction will not look the same as before the pandemic. A plethora […]
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Commercial and Residential construction industries are two of the many facets of the construction industry. Both have their unique purpose, mode of construction, and management techniques. While commercial construction deals with the built-up environment for commerce-centric facilities, residential construction focuses on abodes. Understanding the difference between the commercial construction and residential construction segments helps to avoid […]
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What is the difference between Granular Sub Base (GSB) & Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) in Pavement structures? What is the maximum size of the aggregates to be used in GSB & WMM?
The post What is the difference between Granular Sub Base (GSB) & Wet Mix Macadam (WMM) in Pavement structures? appeared first on The Constructor.
What are the advantages of running electrical cables through PVC conduits in the walls over running in the slab? Are there any problems which may come up in the future if we run electrical cables conduits in the slab?
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Why a Continuous RCC beam should be designed as a Tee beam for Span moments and as a Rectangular Beam for Support Moments?
The post Why a Continuous RCC beam should be designed as a Tee beam for Span moments and as a Rectangular Beam for Support Moments? appeared first on The Constructor.
What are the Roles and Responsibilities of a Utility Engineer in Metro Construction Works?
The post What are the Roles and Responsibilities of a Utility Engineer in Metro Construction Works? appeared first on The Constructor.
The ceiling cover is fixed onto the ceiling to give decorative appearances, conceal projections(such as beams occurring underneath floor slab), provide a false ceiling, obtain special acoustic effects, insulation against heat and cold, etc. The ceiling can be covered using different types of materials as listed below- Insulated board Hardboard Plaster of Paris Ceiling & […]
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Why shrinkage is more in the Singly Reinforced section as compare to doubly Reinforced Section in RCC? Please give a detailed reason for what happens due to the uneven Distribution of Steel bars in the RCC section.
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What is the size of the gravel which is used in pavements for Granular base and Which type of soil is mostly used?
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An arch is a curved structure that bridges an elevated or open space that supports heavy load and forces that act from above it. The construction of arches requires fine work and, therefore, skilled workmanship. This article shall explain the specification of bricks, centering and shuttering, and construction of circular and flat arches. Specification of […]
The post How to do Brickwork in Circular and Flat Arches? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Condensation is a severe issue in buildings that, when ignored, can cause critical dampness problems to the walls, windows, fittings, fixtures, and wallpapers. Condensation occurs when there is a high level of humidity inside a building. The process transpires when warm air collides with the cold surface. The phenomenon is predominant in the winter season. […]
The post How to Treat & Prevent Condensation in Buildings? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable, non-segregating concrete that fills uniformly and completely every corner of formwork by its own weight and encapsulate reinforcement without any vibration, whilst maintaining homogeneity. A concrete mix can only be classified as self-compacting concrete if the requirements for all below-mentioned characteristics are fulfilled: Filling ability (Flowability) Passing ability, […]
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What is the Diference between Semi Dense Bituminous Macadam (SDBC) and Bituminous Macadam (BM)?
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How to Calculate the Specific Gravity of Cement with respect to IS code?
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Which are the low-cost materials that are used in the construction of a low-cost house, mainly? From Earthwork, Concrete, DPC, Brick/Stone/Woodwork, Steel Work, Flooring, Plastering, Finishing, etc., which specific low-cost materials can be used for each stage in the construction of a low-cost house?
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What are the different structural shapes used in steel structures? Kindly named it and explain the importance and function of these structural shapes?
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The naturally available stones from the quarry are in irregular shape and size. In order to bring them into the desired shape, size, and finish, they are dressed, and this process is called dressing. Dressing of natural building stones provides a good appearance and makes them useful for masonry works. The stones can be dressed […]
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You roam around with a digital elevation model right in your pocket! Confused? It’s Google Maps. A digital elevation model (DEM) is a 3-dimensional illustration of a surface, typically a terrain region. It’s a grid-based structure having of array number which is oriented to depict the terrain attributes such as slopes or aspect values. In […]
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What are the Advantages AAC Masonry over the Conventional Brick Masonry Work? Which type of wall shall have more strength?
The post What are the Advantages AAC Masonry over the Conventional Brick Masonry Work ? appeared first on The Constructor.
Construction waste is basically the unwanted materials generated from a construction project, renovation project, or due to a demolition process. In Construction waste management, it is called as C&D waste (Construction and demolition waste). Whatever the source of the construction waste, some materials can still be useful to some people or can be reused or […]
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The painting of the interior and exterior surface of the building plays a vital role in improving the aesthetical appearance of the building. It increases the value of the building, protects it from natural elements, and stifles the repaired damages. This article describes the procedure of painting a plastered surface. Procedure of Painting a Plastered […]
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What are the common roof types?
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What are the Benefits of Chemical Resistant Floors, Walls, and Linings?
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Could you please provide (a /some) commonly used local plinth area rate(s) and local cubic rate(s) in some major Indian cities such as Kolkata, Hyderabad, Bhubaneswar, and Pune.
The post What is the Plinth Area Rates in Your City for Building Construction? appeared first on The Constructor.
What are the differences between an architectural technician and an architect? Is it essential to hire both for my construction project?
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Which type of cement is used in the construction of foundation piles? Kindly mention the reference from codes or guides for the answer.
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What is the minimum grade of concrete to be used for any precast element? Is there any standard for the same?
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What is the mobilization & demobilization cost of any project, in percentage?
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Explain the concept of built-up area and super built-up area?
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What is the function of geogrid in supporting slopes with shotcrete?
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We have noticed some distress in the concrete columns in our apartment, and we have chosen to strengthen it using steel. We are using C section SAIL steel to be fixed on the two sides of the column till it fits flush with the beam. At the ground level, it is anchored to a 12 […]
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Concrete sealer compounds are available in varied options in the market, and that makes it hard to choose the best out of it. Choosing the right concrete sealer compounds for your indoor space requires basic knowledge of different types of concrete sealers that are available in the market. Whether the objective is to seal the driveway […]
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An auditorium of size 42m x 25m is under construction, whose plinth is completed and backfilling is in process. The client has requested for compaction test of the backfill. The compaction test is carried out by the core cutting method. How many samples of Core Cut should be carried out to for determination of compaction […]
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I want to learn which materials are generally used in sustainable concrete and why.
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For the reinforcement work we required the best quality of Rebar. How we can test the quality of steel reinforcement on the work site? What type of simple site test for finding steel quality?
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How to calculate admixture for transporting concrete for long distances to delay setting time in case of long-distance transportation in transit mixers?
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What are digital elevation models in a GIS software? Why we used it in a GIS software? Explain it benefits for the civil engieering and how we used it for survey of sites?
The post What are Digital Elevation Models? What is the importance of a DEM in a GIS software ? appeared first on The Constructor.
The laying of terrazzo flooring can be carried out by two methods, namely, In-situ laying and precast terrazzo tiles laying. The terrazzo flooring laid using precast terrazzo tiles flooring, its specifications, and laying procedure is discussed below. The In-situ terrazzo flooring is discussed in the article- How to Lay In Situ Terrazzo (Marble Chips) Flooring? […]
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Hi Gopal, I have a newly constructed home in Kerala (just a year ago), but now there are few racks developing in one of the front side walls (extended elevation on the first floor). I suspect this is developed due to a glitch in architecture. Can you help with this? Adding some pictures.
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During GATE, IES exam it is difficult to follow any traditional method to follow from start to end solution. What are the conceptual shortcuts to find slope and deflection of the beam which can be used to find a solution within some minutes?
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What is CC or Concrete Cloth?
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What are the Indian standards to be referred to when designing the worker colony? Like area per person? Amenities to be provided? Urinals and washbasin and toilet seats to be provided? Area to be provided for laundry purposes?
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Lintel beams are constructed on the top of openings in the wall like windows and Doors. These are designed based on the dimensions of the openings above which it is built. Among different types of lintels, RCC lintel is the most commonly used lintel due to its ease of design and construction. RCC lintels can […]
The post How to design an RCC Lintel Beam as per Indian Standards? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
During manual concreting of a raft footing which was designed for M25 grade concrete, the estimated cement required was 240 bags, while the laborers due to sheer negligence have added only 140 bags. The Soil conditions are good. There was more coarse aggregate added. What is the possibility of failure and what could be the […]
The post What is the Possibility of Footing Failure with Reduced Cement Content? appeared first on The Constructor.
How to do valuation of a single storey building in Kerala. Which is the most suitable method to be adopted? The factors or the things to be in hand before doing valuation?
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How to prepare a Gantt chart in Excel?
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To get a construction project done safely, you must make sure you are working on stable ground. Surprisingly, this can sometimes be a bigger challenge for construction managers than it seems. For example, building on or near a slope can put crews and equipment at serious risk. They could also put the general public in […]
The post How to Achieve Safety of Slopes at Construction Sites? appeared first on The Constructor.
When do we decide that pile can now be terminated, of course there is depth given in the structural details but along with that there are some criteria to measure on-site if it is not fulfilled than you have to drill deeper than mentioned in the plan. What are the formula and criteria?
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What is a short bracket structural system and why we use it?
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The ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT) is an emerging technology that enables interaction of uniquely identifiable computing devices that can be embedded with other interfaces like machines and humans, linked via wired and wireless networks, to capture contextual data from the environment it has been exposed to and create an information network to provide new functionalities […]
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I want to know how to monitor and carry out inspection of the chemical jet grouting process at the construction site?
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When should we opt for continuous footing?
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can you tell me the references of the article “Types of Shrinkages in Concrete and its Preventions”, because I am making a university research and I am asked to put references at the end of the research.
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Dear All, What is the difference between Additional works and Extra works?
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What is the applications of the Unified Soil Classification System?
The post What is the Applications of Unified Soil Classification System? appeared first on The Constructor.
Second stage concrete in gate needs be repair kindly give specifications and methodology to work out at the site.
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Dear all, I would like to know the any graph or relation ship between form work stripping time vs compressive strength of concrete. As per IS 456: 2000 Amendment 5 mentioned the form work stripping duration for different type of structures. But I want the relation ship between stripping time vs compressive strength.
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The critical depth is defined as the maximum depth of excavation of soil that can be performed without any failure. Critical depth is one of the essential considerations of design used to study and analyze the stability of unsupported trenches or excavations. An open excavation performed beyond the critical depth of the given soil type, […]
The post How to determine the Critical Depth in Open Excavation? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
A high-performance building is a building that unifies and optimizes all the major high-performance attributes, including energy conservation, environment, safety, security, durability, accessibility, cost-benefit, productivity, sustainability, functionality, and operational considerations. High performance, here, means designing, constructing, and operating facilities with a strong focus towards sustainability, integration and collaboration, and feedback and data collection. High-performance buildings […]
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Project planning and budget estimation is very important for a construction project to be successful. If you don’t plan your project beforehand, you will miss out on minor details and this will impact the budgeting process. In case you feel budgeting or construction estimation is not that important, think again. Without the project estimation, you […]
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The laying and jointing of concrete pipes must be done with high precision and efficiency to achieve a leak-free and robust joint between two concrete pipes. The joining of pipes is usually rigid unless it is specified that a flexible joint may be provided. In this article, we discuss the procedure of jointing of concrete […]
The post What is the Laying and Jointing Procedure of Concrete Pipes? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
The terrace water storage tank is generally constructed using brick masonry which is placed on an elevated platform to provide a reserve supply of water for daily house activities. The construction of a water storage tank with the use of brick masonry is a low-cost option for storing water. In this article, we discuss the important […]
The post How to Construct Overhead Masonry Water Tank? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Handling or management of construction activity is crucial to prevent the occurrence of construction mistakes at sites, which may result in damage to the structure and costly repair. These construction errors can be due to poor quality material, poor workmanship, inadequate monitoring, etc. So, adopting good construction practice is essential to handle the mistakes and […]
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A proper Surface drainage system shapes and molds the land into a watershed that can convey the runoff into an organized drainage system comprising of trench drains, catch basins, and storm sewers. If the surface drainage is below par, it will have a dangerous impact on the subsurface drainage. Surface drainage assists with the regulated […]
The post What are the types of Surface Drainage Systems? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Sectional details through walls, joint connections, corners, windows and door openings.
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Concrete is the most commonly used material when it comes to swimming pool construction. A concrete swimming pool is designed to take up full water load along with the capacity to withstand large pressure loads. The significant loads on the concrete pool structure are the weight of the earth outside the pool and the weight […]
The post How to Construct a Concrete Swimming Pool? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Dear Sir, What are the advantages and disadvantages of using Robo sand/ sand instead of natural sand in concrete of footings, columns and slab? What are the steps needed to be taken to mitigate disadvantages if one uses Robo Sand/ M Sand? Thanks
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A manhole or an inspection chamber is an underground unit constructed to provide access to the utilities like a sewer system, drainage system, etc. Hence, with the help of a manhole, underground utilities are inspected, modified, cleaned, and maintained. In this article, we discuss the specification of constructing manhole. 1. Excavation The excavation for manhole […]
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Dynamic Cone Penetrometer, or DCP, is a tool used for evaluating the strength of soils on site. It also helps with monitoring the condition of granular layers and subgrade soils in pavement sections over time. It can be used to determine the right solutions for the sites, especially when soft soils are involved. It is […]
The post What is Dynamic Cone Penetrometer(DCP)? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Piles Piles are deep foundations which transfer the load of the superstructure deep down in the ground. Piles are basically long slender columnar members which transfer the load of the superstructure to the ground through skin friction or through end bearing. A foundation is considered a pile foundation if its length is more than three […]
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A filling refers to a quantity of earthen material such as murrum, soil, rock, aggregate, shingle, and sand that is placed and compacted in trenches, foundation, and under floors for the purpose of filling in a hole or depression. In this article, we discuss the type of materials used in filling and how to do filling in […]
The post How to do Filling in all Type of Works and its Measurement? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Structural Drawing is included
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Many considerations need to be accounted for while setting the layout of the construction site, for example, considerations for site access, offices and accommodations, storage area, plants, temporary services, fencing, health, and safety. The objective of a site layout is to provide a safe and economical flow of materials and workers. The absence of appropriate […]
The post What are Construction Site Layout Considerations? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Gantt chart provides a simple visualization of the project’s tasks associated with a construction project. It is one of the simplest tools used for construction project scheduling. Each job or activity is represented by a bar that defines the start, end, and duration of the task. Gantt charts schedule and plan projects of all sizes. […]
The post Gantt Chart in Construction Management – Features and Advantages [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
PERT (Program Evaluation & Review Technique) and Gantt charts are used in project management to represent the activities or tasks in a project from start to end. It helps to visualize the workflow and the project plan. The main difference between PERT and Gantt charts is that they use different methods to present the project […]
The post Difference Between PERT & Gantt Charts in Project Management [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
Kitchen countertops are available in the market in diverse options. The most commonly used kitchen countertop materials are granites, quartz, etc. The article here highlights the top kitchen countertop material used in residential kitchens. A brief description of top granite kitchen countertop material, along with their respective pros and cons, is described in this article. […]
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With the outbreak of Covid-19 in many countries, there is an increasing and urging demand for isolation facilities and hospitals. When China built two hospitals, both within 9-10 days, everyone wondered if the same could be done in their country- and if yes, then How. Through Prefabrication, rapidly deployable emergency buildings can be built to […]
The post How Prefabrication can help build Emergency Buildings? [PDF] appeared first on The Constructor.
INTRODUCTION The north eastern region, a landmass of eight states, spread over an area of 262179 Km2 representing around 8% of the total geographical area of the country with a population of about 39.04 million is a region which is abundant in bamboo resources. The region houses about two-thirds of the bamboo resources of the […]
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